PROBLEM preservation of traditional crops in the Altai GERMAN TERRITORY

UDC 316.347

Cultural life in Germany in all its diversity, with its inherent contradictions and mootness is rooted in the centuries-old German tradition. Components of German culture in their homeland is architecture and music, literature and painting, theater and television. All of these forms are significant for it is equally, but is especially significant linguistic form of life.

The literature often found expression, that all human cultures are equal. In real life, this thesis is not always filled with relevant content. For many ethnic groups is only a "dreamboat", whose implementation is the meaning of their existence. There is a perception, that culture must necessarily translate into greatness temples, known manuscripts, major accomplishments. Unity of world civilization interesting variety of specific manifestations of cultures, their dissimilarity. It is therefore necessary not only to recognize the equivalence of cultures, but to see the intrinsic value of each. This interesting and appeal to people of any heritage, regardless of its size and its contribution to the development of the national culture. To explore any aspect of human thought, activities, to know the lives of the people in all its diversity, necessary to limit the scope of research within a small geographic area, т.е. create a "total history". "Total history"- history of a particular area, создание которой позволяет преодолеть традиционные барьеры материально-производственной специализации.

Appeal to the German culture of Altai, you had to go through in its history more than one relocation, more than one attempt destruction, interesting from the point of view of, as they could under the circumstances to maintain its distinct culture, of the wealth of the spiritual life, accumulated over the years since the appearance of the first German settlement in the land of the Altai, and does not dissolve in a medium other.

Главной сохраняющей силой немецкой культуры на Алтае стали не просветительские учреждения, культурные центры, национальные школы, а немецкое село, family, религиозная община. Эти образования и сегодня инициируют интерес к немецкой культуре и языку. Во многих селах края созданы немецкие фольклорные ансамбли песни и танца. [1]

Старшее поколение продолжает хранить свои традиции, а современная молодежь под влиянием русской культуры утрачивает национальные традиции и обычаи, не знает своих корней, forgets songs and other genres of folk art. In such a situation, the connection of generations, and people without memory, without the knowledge of their origins, historical experience devoid of perspective and is able to live only for today. History remembers many examples, when many nations, lost their culture, исчезли с исторической арены, а малочисленные, сохранив её, возрождались, несмотря ни на какие трудности. Вот почему необходимо хранить национальную культуру. Только воспитание чувства ответственности за судьбу своего народа может способствовать сохранению и возрождению всего лучшего, что накоплено самим народом. But the revival of German culture can not occur in isolation. This process may be active, effective and fruitful only on the basis of synthesis of traditional, modern, национальной и общенациональной российской культур.

Сегодня в немецких селах диалекты служат единственной пока базой для сохранения и дальнейшего развития национальной культуры, традиций алтайских немцев, а культурные традиции и особенно праздники, и обряды, в свою очередь играют огромную роль в сохранении диалектов. Историки, лингвисты сходятся во мнении, accommodation Altai Germans in isolation from the metropolis led to the preservation of archaic elements in their culture. In this sense, the Germans Altai Territory are a unique facility not only for the ethnographic, but also for linguistic research. [1]

Язык в этнических границах его носителей – это не только средство общения, но и память и история народа, его культура и опыт познавательной деятельности; entrenched it from generation to generation of knowledge of reality. This knowledge is recorded in the language in order to preserve the nation and its identity.

Every culture with a special markup creates its own space and time, which are artificial and the same for all members of the community. One of the main goals of communication Altai Germans is furnished living space away from the genetic homeland, preservation of archaic cultural elements in the communication process. Историки, ethnographers, лингвисты сходятся во мнении, accommodation Siberian Germans in isolation from the metropolis led to the preservation of archaic elements in their culture and in speech. Comparing communication process Altai Germans and Germans, living in their genetic homeland, we can conclude, что у последних в современный период соблюдается прогрессирующее исчезновение архаики в культуре и в речи. Алтайские немцы в речи используют такие лексические единицы, that the Germans on their genetic homeland are very rare, either gone out of use in general. Например: Schnerch (daughter-in-law), Tour of Erman (son-in-), the heavy, the Swieger (mother-in-law), her (here). They believe, что архаичные элементы немецкого языка являются непосредственной составляющей их устной истории, German discourse provide a drift in time.

In the communication process Altai Germans created a special type of reasoning (дискурс), which allows you to match the synchronized stage of development of the drift and, соответственно, оставаться алтайским немцам в контексте их истории, в ее устном варианте.

Under discourse Altai Germans understood as a set of discursive processes, where there is a combination of different sequences. In the structure of discourse (reasoning) Altai ethnic Germans combined, historical, yazыkovыe sequences, forming a special virtual reality. This can be illustrated by the example of thematically unified discursive process "Implementing the lexical units of the German discourse in oral communication Altai Germans", concept in which W. Jaeger is designated as a branch of discourse [2]:

– There are many interesting old words. We say Schnerch for daughter. Do you know this word?

– Already, already

– Is said to this Schnerch?

– Already, is there.

– Yet they say it with you?

– Already, but little. How do you say to Schwiering Gerson?

– Tour Erman.

In this branch of discourse can be seen, that ethnic and historical sequence match. Altai Germans use lexical units in speech, German discourse which are very rarely used, Altai Germans thus create their virtual space on the territory of the Altai, their oral history.

– If there is Mischien, is then the family language Russian or not?

– If a Russian woman is a German marries the Family Language Russian. You can also speak German.

– And if you talk to one another German, she speaks with dialect or literaturisch?

– With dialect. This is very interresting, if his wife has a very different dialect than we. You schähmt and speaks very little. She speaks Russian with us, it is not so, So less.

– What it says otherwise?

– We say later and she says spoter.

– How actually speak the children when they play?

– Do you speak Russian and German.

– When you have been lying in kindergarten with the German program?

– This was 3 Years back.

– And there are still more kindergarten teach the German?

– And, clearly there is still.

Presented above show communicative actions, that the core of society as a system is structured normative order, which organizes the collective life of the population, each behavioral system exists due to certain operating standards. Так, например, if the Russian woman married a German, then, according to the norms, their family language is Russian. She can speak both German, but very shy, as her dialect different from their.

Таким образом, we can assume, that an independent behavioral system "Altai Germans" is a unique one culture, which provides a specific language for talking and listening to all the organization of space and time. Altay German, like any German, living in Russia, remains the problem of preservation and development of their culture, which is subjected to Russification.

References

1. Mathis, VI. Germans Altai / In. И. Mathis, Barnaul, 1996.

2. Hunter, S. Discourse and knowledge. Theoretical and methodological aspects of a critical discourse - and dispositive analysis // S Jäger, R Keller (Hg.): Manual, 2003.

References

1. Matis, V.I. Nemcih of Altair / In. I. Matis, Barnaul, 1996.

2. Hunter, S. Discourse and knowledge. Theoretical and methodological aspects of a critical discourse - and dispositive analysis // Jager S, R Keller (Hg.): Manual, 2003.

Received 18.06.12