CONCEPT "Orthodoxy" YOUTH IN THE STRUCTURE OF CONSCIOUSNESS

UDC 378

The problem of "language and mind" refers to the number of basic linguistic problems. A special case is the problem of the relation of language and religious consciousness. Just remark DV. Alzheva, language and religion are "two of semiotics, two images of the world, two elements in the human soul, rooted in the subconscious, two deepest, disparate and interconnected in the beginning of human culture " [1].

Consciousness in general and religious consciousness, в частности, has a complex internal structure. Therefore, scientists offer different definitions of religious consciousness, reflecting the characteristics of the paradigms, in which appropriate studies. Most relevant for this article, на наш взгляд, is to determine, owned NB. Mechkovskaya, under which the religious consciousness understands "huge and complex world of human activity", coupled with the religious sentiments, religious thoughts and desires, as expressed in speech, actions, relationships with people [3]. Per se, the same idea, but only in compressed form expressed in the definition of religious consciousness, considering it with a focus on the end result of religious activities, associated with the assimilation of the divine teachings and following his canons in daily life [6].

Следует отметить, что, besides a large number of works, on the identification of features of the religious consciousness as such, there are studies, focused on the identification of trends in the development of the religious consciousness of Russians. Such a study, главным образом, based on the results of sociological research, whereby 60-70 % respondents consider themselves Orthodox, allowing researchers to consider the growth of religiosity of Russians as the leading trends [7]. Вместе с тем, study of religious consciousness by exclusively sociological methods appears to be insufficient and needs verification by other experimental methods, among which is the method used in psycholinguistics association experiment, enabling through veiling presumption present experimental test-word stimuli and receive responses, provide access to an operational fragments of consciousness. Иными словами, about the real state of the religious consciousness of Russians can obtain more reliable performance through access to appropriate language structures, representing the structure of mental.

To resolve this problem in 2012 g. an experiment was conducted, which was attended by 125 students of different specialties, Altai State Technical University. I.I. Polzunova. When choosing this particular age group of Russians, we proceeded from the understanding of the importance of attempting to reconstruct fragments of consciousness, associated with the Orthodox Church in the youth population, since the presence of Christian religious values, Christian morality is particularly important for entering into an active working life.

The experiment was carried comprehensive, since the first test was offered a sociological survey. The questionnaire included the question of whether, considers whether the party itself experiment Orthodox. Processing of questionnaire data showed, что 65 % respondents consider themselves Orthodox, что, it should be recognized, for this age group showed unexpected, but, at the same time, coincided with national trends.

After a poll was conducted association experiment, during which as a stimulus word test was offered token "Orthodoxy". In her presentation, Maintainer task immediately write the first word which came to mind, was obtained 123 and the reaction 2 failure. Formerly, we proceed to an analysis of the reactions during the experiment, it seems necessary to give them a general characterization, based on their own experience as data processing of a series of association experiments [8], and experiences of other researchers. Generally, reflecting the state of mind of the test, associative experiment "extracts", is mainly, that operationally significant for the individual ie. those meanings, which are formed under the influence of personal experience. That is why, along with some frequency responses to a stimulus word is almost always there is a significant diversification reactions, finding expression in a large number of individual reactions, fixing intensely personal experience, personal experience of any reality. However, the association experiment with word-stimulus "Orthodoxy" has found the opposite trend: 83 reaction (67,5 % the total number of reactions) had three frequency response - religion (23), faith (31), church (29).

Прежде всего, attention is drawn to the conceptual nature of these frequency responses, their detachment, abstracting from personal experience and personal religious experience, while religious consciousness - is "something more, than the sum of the individual elements, amenable to rational generalization, and above all his purely personal, inner experience of God " [6]. Иными словами, ordinary religious consciousness, can not fix the real religious practices: it arises and is formed by the impressions, which can be obtained through the performance of religious rites, worship attendance, presence in the Church and religious holidays, Bible reading. Therefore, Orthodox religious consciousness by definition must be directly related to the Orthodox religious life, absorbing the various facets of religious knowledge.

Noteworthy, and that several other non-frequency responses, referred us to the category of conceptual, also did not reveal the inner experience of belonging to Orthodoxy: Christianity (2), Christian (1), believer (1). Need to pay attention to the fact, that these reaction, with the conceptual nature, at the same time, indicate it is on the "external" to the Orthodox conceptuality. This conclusion is based on the, that scientists, dealing with religious consciousness, allocate it two levels: conceptual and everyday. Conceptual level "acts as a specially developed, systematized set of notions, ideas, принципов, concepts ", including the "doctrine of God, world and man, interpretation of the main areas of public life in accordance with the principles of religious outlook " [5]. However, the list does not show the reactions obtained in subjects such concepts, ideas and principles.

Notably, that received only three responses God, which also indirectly confirms the trend detected. Mental structure, formed as a result of hypostatizations God as the object of faith, is the central structural unit of the religious consciousness. Its representation in the experiment only three reactions was no evidence of typical Orthodox consciousness connection between God and man.

Consider the reaction, represents a conceptual (conceptual) realm of consciousness subjects, consider it necessary to turn to an analysis of its ordinary component. Ordinary religious consciousness is understood as "a set of images, representations, stereotypes, installations, illusions, habits and traditions, which are a reflection of the human condition in normal circumstances [5]. If the operational unit of storage is the notion of conceptual knowledge, storage format that mental images of everyday consciousness is representation, which is based on sensual visibility, and we are talking about mental results of all five human senses. Vision captures the splendor of Orthodox churches, Lights lampad, Candles; hearing zvučanie akafistov, of Psalms, Prayers and troparey; smell - the smell of incense; touch – touch to the cross, Icon, but the taste is enabled at Communion [6].

This was described by contemporary scholar of Russian iconography VV. Lepakhin, leading opinion of the famous Russian priest John of Kronstadt, that the church "churches and services affects the whole person: Acts ... his vision, hearing, smell, touch, taste, on the imagination, feelings, the mind and will of the icons and all the splendor of the temple, ringing, singing songbirds, Incense burning incense, kiss of the Gospel, cross and holy icons, Prosphora, mellifluous singing and reading the scriptures " [Loc. by: 6].

It is important to emphasize once again, that in the majority of experiments conducted by us associative representation on a share account for the highest number of responses, however, the number of reactions representations, received word-stimulus "Orthodoxy", was 12, или 9,8 % of the total: cross (4), cross (2), Brushes (1), Father (3), patriarch (1), monk (1). However, not only the number of, but the very nature of the above reactions indicative of subjects rather as external observers, as those, absent of any particular individual religious experience.

To interpret the results seem meaningful understanding of religious consciousness as a symbolic model, formed under the influence of cognitive, and emotional experience, because knowledge is directly connected with the emotional sphere of the human psyche [4]. Researchers claim, feature of consciousness that is the mentality of believers, "Characterized by heightened emotionality, exaltation, Misticon, Romanticism, belief in the supernatural " [6]. Therefore, the religious consciousness should include a special emotional and evaluative attitude of man to certain religious ideas and theories. However, if so, the amount of emotional responses of young people, consider themselves Orthodox word-stimulus "provoslavie" says unformed religious consciousness of the respondents in this age category. Obtained only 11 emotional and evaluative reactions (8,9 % the total number of reactions), wherein only 5 had a positive emotion / evaluation - our (1), truth (1), true faith (1), love (1), compassion (1). At the same time the other half reactions recorded negative emotion / evaluation - not mine (1), deception (1), nobody wanted (1), delirium (1), it is not clear (1), garbage (1).

Таким образом, experimental results allowed us to construct a model fragment of consciousness subjects, youth belonging to the age group, 65% who consider themselves Orthodox. Reconstructing a specific portion of the religious situation in Russia today, Received language model says not informed, subjective identification of respondents with Orthodoxy. Кроме того, reconstructed model does not have a complex internal structure, peculiar religious consciousness, because the reactions do not show involvement in religious ideas and values. The result, на наш взгляд, logical: "Because religious belief - is complex and rich cultural phenomenon, it is formed by the entire tenor, entire way of life, transmission of traditions at patterns of behavior, play them directly in the life, in all its spheres, but at the same time and a huge internal work - the work of feelings, ума, the human soul, you can not replace a simple visit to the church and even diligent and conscientious performance of religious rites " [1].

Literature

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References

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Received redaktsiyu27.10.12