Prospects for the development of cultural tourism in the resettlement habitat

Human spiritual development occurs throughout his active work, and to a greater extent due to the place of residence and their chosen profession. Knowledge of the environment, прежде всего, aimed at nature with its diversity of flora and fauna displays. School education, with its numerous and not always positive reforms, truncated, but all, also introduces the younger generation with the fiction about nature, learn to see the beauty of our planet. The next stage of education is already associated with the formation of the spiritual world of the child and his involvement in the self. inquisitiveness of the person updating the knowledge and satisfaction continues outside the walls of educational institutions, and here it is possible to get acquainted with the natural world, history and culture during tours and tourist trips to other regions and foreign countries.

The attractiveness of the region, как правило, It connected with the unique natural sites and infrastructure of transport and maintenance of hotel service. Transport and especially service as in previous years, currently poor. During the transition period the economy tourist industry of the Altai Territory has received two directions of development. Первое связано с акционированием предприятий туризма, созданных еще в советское время. Второй путь основан на частном бизнесе с созданием совершенно новых туристских предприятий. The development in recent years, tourism is becoming an important source of replenishment of the regional and local budgets.

An important role in creating attractive Altay plays the local population, which is an area of ​​colonization, formed from dozens of nations and nationalities. This drove migrants from Central Russia, Ukraine, Baltic, Belarus. There are also descendants of the Dutch, German, Poles. Such mixing of peoples for many decades of living together is still preserved national character and identity. Особенно это проявляется у алтайских немцев, которые компактно проживают в Немецком национальном районе в степной Кулунде. Contemporary landmark Kulunda steppes may be called the German National District, formed in the north-west of the steppe Altai. The administrative center is located in the village of Halbstadt, около 60% of the district - the Germans, descendants of immigrants, who came to this earth more than a hundred years ago. The locals have not lost the national love for neatness, purity and quality factor, and German area looks unexpected piece of Western Europe in the middle of the steppes of the Altai.

Popularity edge as a tourist and recreational region formed in the past years due to Belokurikha resort in the foothills of the Altai, Lake Teletskoye, Belukha Mountain and the Katun River. These natural objects with the exception of the resort and the headwaters of the Katun river in the Altai Republic remained after separating it from the Altai Territory,ru. Now the region has become a transit flow of tourists and mountaineers conductors, riding in Altai Mountains.

Традиционно Алтайский край развивался как регион с многоотраслевым сельским хозяйством и обслуживающей его машиностроительной промышленностью. Rest homes and sanatoriums were departmental and do not take a rest from other regions. The existing natural, historical and cultural sights of the edge were not popular and had no attraction for tourists both local, so from outside the region and country. Also available production enterprises of the region did not have demand abroad and would not be an attractive image for the area,ru. To this we must add a wide negative publicity Altai, as a territory for a long time, the exposed test a nuclear device at the Semipalatinsk test site.

Inherited situation attraction edge can not satisfy the growing tourist industry,ru. Numerous travel agencies launched an extensive advertising campaign to attract visitors from Russian regions, and abroad. In recent years there have been built and put into operation a large number of tourist facilities, hotels, campgrounds, equip many natural attractions in the foothills of the Altai Territory. tourist service is provided by qualified hotel, catering, guides and interpreters. It was decided to establish a "special economic zone of tourist-recreational type" Turquoise Katun "in cooperation with the Republic of Altai, and already part of the complex objects put into operation. The special economic zone "Turquoise Katun" was founded on the basis of the Russian Federation Government Resolution of 3 февраля 2007 g. с целью формирования организационной и экономической среды для создания и функционирования в Алтайском крае курортно-рекреационного комплекса, ориентированного на максимальное использование природно-ресурсного потенциала и особенностей местности. Особая экономическая зона «Бирюзовая Катунь» располагается на территории Алтайского района Алтайского края на левом берегу реки Катунь и имеет площадь 3220 га. Уже сейчас здесь туристам предлагают пляжный отдых, пешие и конные маршруты, сплавы по реке, охоту и рыбалку, альпинизм, велотуризм. Со временем здесь будут ежегодно отдыхать около 1,1 млн. человек.

There were tourist centers in other districts of the region - in the steppe lakes of Kulunda, in the lower Prichumyshe in Talmensky District, Aya on the lakes and in the foothills of the Altai Kolyvan. Tourism objects here are the salty, bitter and freshwater lakes, where on the banks of many convenient beaches. There are great places for swimming and boat trips. Природные лечебные свойства воздуха и озерных вод в алтайских степях и предгорьях давно известны и подтверждены научными и медицинскими исследованиями.

Kulunda lowlands - is another unique attraction. It is lowest in the Altai, the sunniest. The bottom of an ancient sea, dotted with lakes, okaйmlennoe reliktovыmi, nowhere else on the planet did not occurring tape burs.

Задача, show that in the province, often decided by the tourists, которые приехали знакомиться с уникальной природой и ее привлекательными объектами. Ученые Алтайского госуниверситета В.Е. Арефьев и А.В. Чудов (1994) in its tourism research in Altai point to the many monuments of nature in almost all areas,ru. In addition they offer for the tourism industry the natural resource potential use of cultural and historical heritage of ancient peoples,ru, monuments of the mining production and the "legacy" of industrial society. The latter objects authors clearly negative attitude, linking it with the repression of the Soviet system, but, тем не менее, recognize, that the socialist past as worthy for review.

Special pride of residents of the province are our famous countrymen and prominent figures, to link their lives with Altai. Уже сейчас туристам предлагают экскурсии в село Сростки в музей В.М. Shukshina. В селе Полковниково работает музей космонавта-2 Г.С. Титова. The regional museum of history of art and literature of Altai have exposure and other eminent persons edges. Numerous regional history museums, school and private collections are not yet ready for mass reception of tourists and the need for skilled museification,ru.

The concern of the organizers of tourism in the region is low consumer culture, environmental barbarism population and poverty of rural architecture places. Entrances to the settlements go by municipal landfills, road signs are often missing, transport timetables, no basic sanitation. In villages and towns a lot of abandoned farmsteads, weedy, with dilapidated houses and rickety fences.

The capital city of the region and its inhospitable to visiting rights. В продаже нет топографических карт, туристических и транспортных схем, доступных по цене сувениров. Определить в какую сторону идет автобус или трамвай на остановках невозможно, it is necessary to ask the local people. Learn about the concert, film session, Museum mode, not having at hand a computer with internet, only in the institution.

По мере перехода экономики России от прежнего уклада к рыночным отношениям у населения, в том числе и в Алтайском крае, снижается интерес к экологическим проблемам в окружающей природной и социальной среде. Это отмечено в исследованиях Д.Н. Кавтарадзе и А.А. Овсянникова (2002) на материалах социологических опросов ВЦИОМ 1994-98 годов. Нашими исследованиями в 4 сельских районах и двух малых городах Алтайского края (с общим населением 112 тыс. человек) установлено, that in dealing with the conservation of the natural environment issues are least interested person, taking administrative decisions, adult rural population, а наиболее заинтересованными оказались учащиеся начальной школы (Рассыпнов, 2004). The reason of indifference to environmental problems lies in our opinion in the absence of a positive effect from the taken to the nature conservation measures, in the country, and at the level of regions and municipalities. In addition there were other people in care, in particular an increase in unemployment, decline in living standards of the rural population.

The appearance of such people among holidaymakers people causes backlash. Hence the numerous manifestations of rudeness, reluctance even to provide paid services to tourists. Для формирования положительного интереса у местного населения в развитии нового направления трудовой деятельности в обслуживании туристов необходимо уже сейчас решить множество задач экономического, Social, moral character.

We are seen as a way to solve such problems in a single complex, where priorities are the economy, habitat management, environmental education and education for all segments of the population.

Tourist and recreational resources, like any other, They have a price. Involvement of the environment to the economy should proceed with their inclusion in the cost prices of tourist services,ru. Tax deductions from natural objects should be returned to the conservation of biodiversity and protection of natural objects,ru. Таким образом, conservation of nature in the area of ​​provision of tourism services should be beneficial for entrepreneurs and burdensome for the environment,ru.

Economics of tourism services must bear clearly the ecological character, and based on the carrying capacity of ecosystems, their capacity without damage and at constant entropy (Flight, 2002). At the legislative level should be to limit the transition of attractive natural resources in the resource category. Последние будут реально потребляться с увеличением количества отходов и потерей ландшафтами привлекательности для туристов. Например, разрешение туристам сбор лекарственных растений, non-ferrous minerals, catching butterflies.

Эксплуатируемые природные объекты в туристической зоне не беспредельны. Строительство объектов обслуживания уже несет ущерб привлекательности дикой природе. Во время эксплуатации необходимо соблюдение всех правил сохранения природных объектов, управлять ими и при необходимости восстанавливать. Besides cleaning and garbage disposal it is very important to maintain an acceptable level of safety of natural objects and attractiveness. The most valuable objects of nature, ради которых и приехали сюда туристы, не должны вовлекаться в хозяйственную деятельность, а лишь нести созерцательную функцию визуального (эстетического) отдыха. Around the object to be a buffer zone with a minimum of activity, a further area with good management and reproduction of natural objects. Такая задача совпадает с программой ООН «Человек и биосфера», которая направлена на создание биосферных заповедников, в которых возможен туризм (Примак, 2002).

Экологическое, moral and patriotic education and education of the population of all ages and social groups, is an essential condition for the creation of a friendly reception among tourists,ru. The solution to this problem should begin in the education system through the implementation of existing curricula in the regional component,ru. This requires local history textbooks and manuals, trained teachers footage. Formation of a friendly environment for the older generations must go through propaganda media patriotism and material interest in the development of new types of tourism,ru. Administration of rural municipalities can support the development of the family tourism business, agricultural tourism, приема городских детей на каникулярный отдых и других видов отдыха.

References

1. Арефьев, В.Е., Чудов, А.В. Туризм на Алтае: предпосылки развития и проблемы полезности. – Барнаул, 1994. – 128 с.

2. Кавтарадзе, Д.Н., Овсянников, А.А. Природа в жизни, values ​​and doctrines of modern society // Socio-economic and legal framework for biodiversity conservation. - M.: Publishing House of Science and uch. method. center, 2002. – С. 15-90.

3. Flight, Р.А. Economy // Biodiversity Socio-economic and legal framework for biodiversity conservation,ru. - M.: Publishing House of Science and uch. method. center, 2002. – С. 199-326.

4. Рассыпнов, VA. Social conditions of formation of ethno-ecological consciousness of the rural population in the south of Western Siberia // Ethnogenesis changing economy and the prospects for civilization in the formation of Russia,ru. – Новосибирск : Publishing house NSPU, 2004. – 362-366.

5. Richard B. Примак. Fundamentals of conservation / lane. with English. - M.: Publishing House of Science and uch. method. center, 2002. – 256 с.